Part I Foundations
1. Markets and organizations
1.1 The economic problem
1.2 The division of labour
1.3 Specialization
1.4 Coordination
1.5 Markets and organizations
1.6 Information
1.7 The environment and institutions
1.8 Historical perspective
1.9 Summary: the conceptual framework of this book
1.10 Outline of the book
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2. Markets
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Market interaction: analysis of demand and supply
2.3 Decision-making by consumers
2.4 Decision-making by producers
2.5 Market coordination
2.6 The paradox of profits
2.7 Competitive markets
2.8 The main assumptions underlying standard microeconomic theory
2.9 Summary: how according to standard microeconomic theory decisions are coordinated by the market
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3. Organizations
3.1 The world of organizations
3.2 Organizational coordination
3.3 Types of organizations
3.4 Organizational markets
3.5 Organized markets
3.6 The rise of the Internet and the digitization of organizations
3.7 Digital platforms: a new coordination mechanism
3.8 The Platform Organization
3.9 Summary: how organizations achieve coordination
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4. Information
4.1 Coordination and information
4.2 Hidden information
4.3 Hidden action
4.4 The value of information
4.5 Information as an economic good
4.6 Summary: information problems for markets and organizations
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5. Game theory
5.1 Introduction
5.2 The prisoner's dilemma
5.3 Coordination games
5.4 The entry game
5.5 The iterated prisoner's dilemma
5.6 Auctions
5.7 Evolutionary game theory
5.8 Summary: insights from game theory
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6. Econs and Humans
6.1 Introduction
6.2 The social domain versus the economic domain
6.3 Economic, social and moral man: bounds on self-interest
6.4 Bounds on rationality
6.5 Prospect theory
6.6 Summary: behavioural economics
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Part II Economic Approaches
7. Behavioural theory of the firm
7.1 Introduction
7.2 The firm as a coalition of participants
7.3 Organizational goals
7.4 Organizational expectations
7.5 Organizational choice
7.6 From bounded rationality to behavioural economics
7.7 Summary: goals and decision-making within the firm in behavioural theory
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8. Agency theory
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Separation of ownership and control
8.3 Managerial behaviour and ownership structure
8.4 Entrepreneurial firms and team production
8.5 The firm as a nexus of contracts
8.6 Theory of principal and agent
8.7 Applying agency theory
8.8 Summary: agency relations between owners, managers and employees
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9. Transaction cost economics
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Behavioural assumptions: bounded rationality and opportunism
9.3 Dimensions of transactions
9.4 Peer groups
9.5 Simple hierarchies
9.6 Multistage hierarchies: U-form and M-form enterprises
9.7 Organizational markets
9.8 Digitization and transaction costs
9.9 Markets and organizations: are these all there is?
9.10 Governance in a three-level schema
9.11 Summary: effect of transaction costs on choosing between markets and organizations and organizational forms
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10. Economic Contributions to business/competitive strategy
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Industry analysis
10.3 Competitor analysis
10.4 Competitive strategy
10.5 Resource-based view of the firm
10.6 Dynamic capabilities
10.7 Move and counter move
10.8Summary: how economic analysis can contribute to the formulation of competitive strategies
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11. Economic contributions to corporate strategy
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Unrelated diversification
11.3 Related diversification
11.4 Horizontal multi-nationalization
11.5 Vertical integration
11.6 Summary
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12. Evolutionary approaches to organizations
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Giraffes
12.3 Organizations and giraffes
12.4 Organizational ecology
12.5 An evolutionary theory of economic change
12.6 Comparison
12.7 The evolution of dynamic capabilities
12.8 Further developments
12.9 Summary: the evolutionary perspective
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13. All in the family
13.1 Introduction
13.2 The basic conceptual framework
13.3 Family resemblances
13.4 Family differences
13.5 Summary: all in the family?
13.6 Organizations as complex, adaptive systems
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Bibliography
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